Who killed julius caesar series#

They were granted patrician status, along with other noble Alban families. The Julii were of Alban origin, mentioned as one of the leading Alban houses, which settled in Rome around the mid-7th century BC, following the destruction of Alba Longa. Gaius Julius Caesar was born into a patrician family, the gens Julia, which claimed descent from Julus, son of the legendary Trojan prince Aeneas, supposedly the son of the goddess Venus. He has frequently appeared in literary and artistic works, and his political philosophy, known as Caesarism, inspired politicians into the modern era. His cognomen was subsequently adopted as a synonym for ' Emperor' the title ' Caesar' was used throughout the Roman Empire, giving rise to modern cognates such as Kaiser and Tsar. Caesar is considered by many historians to be one of the greatest military commanders in history. Later biographies of Caesar by Suetonius and Plutarch are also important sources. Other contemporary sources include the letters and speeches of Cicero and the historical writings of Sallust. Octavian set about solidifying his power, and the era of the Roman Empire began.Ĭaesar was an accomplished author and historian as well as a statesman much of his life is known from his own accounts of his military campaigns. Caesar's great-nephew and adopted heir Octavian, later known as Augustus, rose to sole power after defeating his opponents in the last civil war of the Roman Republic.

Who killed julius caesar series#

A new series of civil wars broke out and the constitutional government of the Republic was never fully restored. On the Ides of March (15 March) 44 BC, Caesar was assassinated by a group of rebellious senators led by Brutus and Cassius, who stabbed him to death. His populist and authoritarian reforms angered the elites, who began to conspire against him. He centralized the bureaucracy of the Republic and was eventually proclaimed 'dictator for life' ( dictator perpetuo). He initiated land reform and support for veterans. He gave citizenship to many residents of far regions of the Roman Republic. This began Caesar's civil war, which he won, leaving him in a position of near unchallenged power and influence in 45 BC.Īfter assuming control of government, Caesar began a program of social and governmental reforms, including the creation of the Julian calendar. In 49 BC, Caesar openly defied the Senate's authority by crossing the Rubicon and marching towards Rome at the head of an army.

With the Gallic Wars concluded, the Senate ordered Caesar to step down from his military command and return to Rome. These achievements and the support of his veteran army threatened to eclipse the standing of Pompey, who had realigned himself with the Senate after the death of Crassus in 53 BC. During this time he both invaded Britain and built a bridge across the Rhine river. Caesar rose to become one of the most powerful politicians in the Roman Republic through a string of military victories in the Gallic Wars, completed by 51 BC, which greatly extended Roman territory. Their attempts to amass power as Populares were opposed by the Optimates within the Roman Senate, among them Cato the Younger with the frequent support of Cicero. In 60 BC, Caesar, Crassus and Pompey formed the First Triumvirate, a political alliance that dominated Roman politics for several years. He played a critical role in the events that led to the demise of the Roman Republic and the rise of the Roman Empire. A member of the First Triumvirate, Caesar led the Roman armies in the Gallic Wars before defeating his political rival Pompey in a civil war, and subsequently became dictator of Rome from 49 BC until his assassination in 44 BC. Gaius Julius Caesar ( Latin: 12 July 100 BC – 15 March 44 BC) was a Roman general and statesman.